This book presents a systematic treatment of the theory of three-phase power flows and its applications, using the Newton-Raphson method. This takes place in the so-called abc reference frame which, arguably, is the natural frame-of-reference of the AC electrical power network; a frame-of-reference where the actual impedance parameters of the individual pieces of equipment may be entered directly with little or no pre-conditioning. Accordingly, any impedance imbalances that the individual pieces of equipment may have between their phases is accurately recorded in the overall reference frame representing the global power grid, including any power imbalances at the generation or load points. The abc frame-of-reference is contrasted, where appropriate, with the more contrived positive-sequence reference frame. A new three-phase power flow formulation using the Newton-Raphson method is presented in this book; it is a rectangular formulation which is amenable to a rather straightforward computer program implementation. The code of the basic three-phase power flow computer program written in Matlab is listed for the reader to gain hands on experience. The three-phase representation of the various components that make up the electrical power system, such as overhead transmission lines, underground cables, power transformers and power loads, is outlined in the book. A wide range of test cases is presented, including a rather contrived radial system where the impact of the most popular three-phase transformer connections is examined from the perspective of the power flow solution.
The book material emanates from intermittent, personal research that the author has carried out on the topic over the past thirty six years, in several countries and research institutions, starting at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico in 1979. The topic itself has progressed from being a rather theoretical concept at the beginning of the 1980s to where it, or one of its derivations, such as Three-Phase OPF and Three-Phase State Estimation, is a tool with which, in the author’s view, the future electrical power networks will be planned, operated and managed. This is particularly the case for underground electrical power systems, where the issues of security of electricity supply and economics, including costing power losses, will be of paramount importance.
The recommended, pre-requisite knowledge to study this book is a well-grounded knowledge in conventional electrical power systems theory and practice.
The book material emanates from intermittent, personal research that the author has carried out on the topic over the past thirty six years, in several countries and research institutions, starting at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico in 1979. The topic itself has progressed from being a rather theoretical concept at the beginning of the 1980s to where it, or one of its derivations, such as Three-Phase OPF and Three-Phase State Estimation, is a tool with which, in the author’s view, the future electrical power networks will be planned, operated and managed. This is particularly the case for underground electrical power systems, where the issues of security of electricity supply and economics, including costing power losses, will be of paramount importance.
The recommended, pre-requisite knowledge to study this book is a well-grounded knowledge in conventional electrical power systems theory and practice.
